ABSTRACT
Refractory asthma is an inevitable clinical difficulty that is often faced by pediatricians in the promotion of standardized diagnosis and treatment of asthma.In this paper, the important role of multidimensional assessment (MDA) in the diagnosis of refractory asthma is emphasized, and the method of MDA is described in detail at first.Then foreign and domestic research on the internal mechanism of truly refractory asthma in recent years is syste-matically reviewed, which shows the progress of research on the internal phenotypes, biomarkers and targeted treatment of refractory asthma to the readers, with a view to developing the pediatricians′ ideas and further improving the diagnosis and treatment level of asthma by taking precision medical treatment as the goal.